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CHAPTERVPUN
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rints—Illustrations—CapitalLetters
LindleyMurrayandGooldBrownlaiddownrulesforpunostofthemhavebeenbrokenlohrownintothejunk-heapofdisuse.Theyweretid，toostritsomuiheyweremoreorlessimpracticaltoapplytoordinaryanneroflayleandofexpressionhassiderablygedsiheoldabstruseplexseshiddenmeaningshasbeeheshade，thereislittleofpr-drawn-outphrases，ambiguityofexpressionisavoidedaowardterseyaherefore，punhasbeelysimplified，tosuexteitisnowasmuchamatterofgoodtasteaasadhereoaofrules.herearelawsgitwhiated，theirpriberigidlyandinviolablyobserved.
Thedofpunarkthegrammatiedthedepehepartsofaposition，butualpausesmadeinspeakiesusedtodehedeliveryofapassagedifferfromthoseusedwhenthepassageiswritteheless，severalofthepunarksservetouttherhetoricalforceofexpression.
Theprincipalmarksofpunare:
1.Thea[，]
2.TheSemi[?]
3.The[:]
4.ThePeriod[.]
&errogation[?]
&ion[!]
7.TheDash[—]
&hesis[（）]
&ion[""]
Thereareseveralotherpointsormarkstoindicatevariousrelations，butproperlyspeakingsueuheheadingofPrinter'sMarks，someofwhicharetreatedelsewhere.
Oftheabove，thefirstfourmaybestyledthegrammatits，andtheremaiherhetorits.
&heoffimaistoshowtheslightestseparationunatall.Itshouldbeomittedwheneverpossible.Itisusedtomarktheleastdivisioence.
1.Aseriesofwordsorphraseshasitspartsseparatedbyas:—"Lying，trickery，ery，perjury，werenaturaltohi""Thebrave，daring，faithfulsoldierdiedfagthefoe."Iftheseriesisinpairs，asseparatethepairs:"Ridpoor，learnedandunlearned，bladwhite，andJew，MohammedanandBuddhistmustpassthroughthesamegate."
2.Aaisusedbeforeashortquotation:"Itatrirywhosaid，'Givemelibertyivemedeath.'"
&hesubjectofthesentenceisaclausephrase，aaisusedaftersuchsubject:"ThathehasheGodIlove，proveshisiy.""Simulatedpiety，withabladasaniouslook，doesnotproclaima."
4.Anexpressioheticallyshouldbeinclosedbyas:"Theoldman，asageakesamwalk."
5.ositiooffbyas:"Mley，thePresident，wasassassi;
&iveclauses，ifive，requireas:"Thebook，whichisthesimplest，isofteprofound."
7.Ienceseachshouldbefollowedbyaa:&quhtssas，pullscars，traiheenginesofourmillsandfactories."
8.Whenaverbisomittedaatakesitsplace:"Linwasagreatstatesman?Grasoldier."
&ofaddressisfollowedbyaa:"John，yoodman."
10.Iion，asareusedtoexpressperiures:"Mountains25，000feethigh?1，000，000dollars."
TheSemiarksaslighterthanthea.Itisgenerallyedtthepartsofpouismutrasts:
1."Gladstoasastatesman?hewassublimeasaman."
2.TheSemiisusedbetweesofallpouenwhichthegrammaticalsubjectofthesedpartisdifferentfromthatofthefirst:"Theplahewisdomofherstatesmen?thepothofherarmyandnavy."
3.TheSemiisusedbeforewordsaionswhitroduceparticularsorspesfollowingafter，suamely，as，e.g.，vid.，i.e.，etc.:"Hehadthreedefeamely，ess，laandobstinahisideas.""Anislandisaportionoflairelysurrouer?asCuba.""Theiesshouldalwaysehacapitalletter?e.g.，NewYork，Paris.""Theboyrofionebranch?viz.，Mathematics.""Noma?i.e.，freefromallblemish."
Theexalusesispracticallyobsolete.
1.Itisgeattheeerodugquotation:"Thecheershavingsubsided，Mr.Bryanspokeasfollows:"
2.Itisplacedbeforeaionorillustratioundersideration:"Thisisthemeanierm:"
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